How to become a restoration architect

How to become a Restoration Architect

High School
If possible, aspiring restoration architects should tailor their high school education to lay a foundation for their career. Courses in physics, geometry, and pre-calculus will prepare them for the mathematical/scientific aspect of the work, while those in the arts and humanities will help to cultivate aesthetic sensibilities.

Architecture Degrees
The American Institute of Architects (AIA) articulates the required path to entering the profession: Architectural licensing is granted only when candidates demonstrate sufficient professional education, complete a rigorous program of real-world experience under the supervision of a licensed architect, and pass a comprehensive professional examination.

To meet the educational standards for the profession, restoration architects must hold a degree from a program accredited by the National Architecture Accrediting Board (NAAB). There are three degrees that are recognized by the NAAB: Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch.), Master of Architecture (M.Arch.), and Doctor of Architecture (D.Arch.). Most architects in the US and Canada have a bachelor’s or a master’s.

B.Arch. programs, which last between four and five years, focus on:

• History of architecture
• Fundamental design concepts
• Spatial reasoning and visualization
• Interior space and proportions
• Calculus for architecture
• Properties of materials
• Structural systems
• Environmental systems
• Building science technology
• Codes and specifications
• Project management and contract negotiations
• Computer-aided design and drafting (CADD)
• 3D modeling / Building information modeling (BIM) software

M.Arch. programs, which typically last between one and two years, cover many of these same subject areas, though at a more advanced level. They may also focus on specializations, such as:

• Theoretical, technological, historical, and cultural aspects of design
• Ecologically sustainable building practices / solar design
• Historic preservation and urban planning
• Digital design

Some schools may offer a distinct Master of Science in Restoration Architecture, focusing on specialized knowledge in historic preservation, including historic materials, building techniques, and architectural styles, as well as preservation law.

Internship
After completing an accredited degree program, prospective restoration architects must complete the Architectural Experience program (AXP), a three-year training period under the supervision and mentorship of a licensed architect. AXPs are paid internships administered by the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARB). They are comprised of four main experience areas: pre-design, design, project management, and practice management.

Throughout their AXP, interns have opportunities to begin building a portfolio of their work that showcases their skills and expertise in restoration architecture and design.

Licensure
All US states require practising architects to be licensed. Therefore, in addition to earning a degree and completing the AXP training program, restoration architects must pass the NCARB’s Architect Registration Examination (ARE).

There are seven exams which make up the ARE:

• Construction Documents and Services (CDS)
• Programming, Planning, and Practice (PPP)
• Site Planning and Design (SPD)
• Schematic Design (SD)
• Structural Systems (SS)
• Building Systems (BS)
• Building Design and Construction Systems (BDCS)

Additional state licensing may be required in some jurisdictions.

Professional Organizations and Certifications
As the field of architecture is constantly evolving, it is important to stay up to date with the latest technologies, industry developments, and best practices. Several industry organizations provide advocacy efforts, access to professional events, continuing education opportunities, and industry research and resources, as well as a network of like-minded professionals working in the field.

Many restoration architects hold certifications offered by these organizations, which demonstrate expertise in the field as well as a commitment to ongoing learning and professional development. While they are voluntary, some companies may stipulate one or more of these certifications, described below, as a condition of employment, particularly in more senior roles.

• Certified Historic Building Professional (CHBP) – This credential is offered by the Association for Preservation Technology (APT) and demonstrates an architect's expertise in historic preservation and building conservation. It requires a minimum of 10 years of experience in historic preservation and passing a comprehensive exam.
• Historic Preservation Certification (HPC) – This certification is offered by the National Council for Preservation Education (NCPE) and demonstrates an architect's knowledge of historic preservation principles, policies, and practices. It requires completion of an approved academic program in historic preservation, professional experience, and passing a comprehensive exam.
• Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Accreditation – LEED is a certification program that recognizes architects and other building professionals with expertise in sustainable building design and construction. It provides specialized training in sustainable design practices and covers topics such as energy efficiency, water conservation, and indoor air quality. The LEED credential is granted by the -Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI) and is recognized worldwide.
• Building Information Modeling (BIM) Certification – This certification, offered by the Autodesk Corporation, demonstrates expertise in using BIM software to design and manage building projects.
• Certified Construction Contract Administrator (CCCA) – This certification, offered by the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI), demonstrates expertise in construction contract administration, and management.
• National Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARB) Certification – As noted above, the NCARB is an organization that oversees the licensure and credentialing of architects in the United States. It also offers the NCARB certificate, a professional credential that facilitates licensure across borders.

Also supporting the restoration architecture community are these associations:

• Historic Resources Committee of the American Institute of Architects (AIA)
• National Trust for Historic Preservation (NTHP)
• International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS)
• American Society of Architectural Illustrators (ASAI)