How to become an air traffic controller

How to become a Air Traffic Controller

Becoming an air traffic controller in the United States involves a specific process and requires meeting certain requirements. Here is a detailed overview of the steps involved in becoming an air traffic controller:

• Educational Requirements: While a specific degree is not required, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) prefers candidates to have a combination of education and work experience. Most candidates have at least a high school diploma or equivalent.
• Qualification Assessment: The first step is to complete the Air Traffic Skills Assessment (AT-SA) exam, which assesses candidates' aptitude for air traffic control. The exam evaluates skills such as situational awareness, multitasking, memory, and problem-solving. It consists of several sections, including a biographical assessment and a cognitive assessment.
• Application and Eligibility: Candidates must apply through the FAA's job website during open application periods. Eligibility requirements include being a U.S. citizen, being at least 18 years old, and passing medical and security background checks. Candidates should carefully review the specific qualifications outlined in the job announcement.
• Pre-Employment Medical Examination: Candidates must pass a thorough medical examination conducted by an FAA-designated medical examiner. The examination ensures that candidates meet the physical requirements necessary to perform the duties of an air traffic controller.
• Air Traffic Control Basics Course: Once selected, candidates are required to complete the Air Traffic Control Basics Course at the FAA Academy in Oklahoma City. This course provides the foundational knowledge and skills necessary for air traffic control.
• FAA Academy Training: After completing the basics course, candidates undergo rigorous training at the FAA Academy, where they receive specialized air traffic control training based on their assigned area of air traffic control. The training includes classroom instruction, simulations, and practical exercises to develop critical skills.
• Certification and On-the-Job Training: Following successful completion of the academy training, candidates are assigned to an air traffic control facility for on-the-job training. They work under the supervision of experienced controllers, gradually assuming responsibility for controlling live air traffic.
• Facility Rating and Certification: During on-the-job training, candidates must obtain a facility rating, which certifies them to work as a certified professional air traffic controller at their assigned facility. They must demonstrate proficiency in all required areas of air traffic control, including handling various types of airspace, traffic scenarios, and emergency situations.
• Continued Training and Professional Development: Air traffic controllers are required to undergo continuous training and participate in professional development programs to stay current with evolving technology, regulations, and procedures. Ongoing training ensures controllers maintain their skills and adapt to changes in the aviation industry.

Certifications
In the United States, air traffic controllers are required to obtain certification from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to work as professional controllers. The certification process ensures that controllers meet the necessary standards and possess the skills and knowledge to perform their duties effectively. Here are the key certifications for air traffic controllers:

• Air Traffic Control Specialist (ATCS) Certification: This is the primary certification issued by the FAA to air traffic controllers. It signifies that the controller has completed the required training and demonstrated proficiency in controlling air traffic. ATCS certification is specific to the type of facility where the controller works, such as control towers, approach control facilities, or air traffic control centers.
• Facility Rating: Within the ATCS certification, air traffic controllers also obtain a facility rating that indicates their competency to work in a particular type of airspace or operational area. Facility ratings may include tower rating, approach control rating, or en-route control rating. Controllers may hold multiple facility ratings, allowing them to work in different types of facilities or airspace.
• Radar Certification: Controllers who work in radar facilities or provide radar services are required to obtain radar certification. This certification confirms their ability to effectively use radar equipment and systems to track and control aircraft within radar coverage areas.
• Specialty Certifications: In addition to the primary certifications, controllers can also obtain specialty certifications that allow them to perform specific roles or handle unique air traffic control responsibilities. For example, there are specialty certifications for controllers who handle oceanic or international airspace, controllers trained in the use of specific technology systems, or controllers with expertise in managing certain types of aircraft or operations.

To maintain their certification, air traffic controllers must regularly undergo recurrent training, participate in proficiency checks, and adhere to continuing education requirements set by the FAA. These requirements ensure that controllers stay updated with the latest procedures, technology advancements, and regulatory changes in the field of air traffic control.